Television type facsimile transmission system



Oct. 20, 1953 J. H. HAMMOND, JR 2,656,412

TELEVISION TYPE FACSIMILE TRANSMISSION SYSTEM Filed Dec. 11, 1948 5 Sheets-Sheet l TRANsMITTER' E I.

1 AUDIO f- IS I79 VIDF. 0 f 4 CONTROL l AUDI-0 o-so STUDIO 6 LE s-rumo VIDEO VIDEO Na. r i No.2

NEws 20 L M -1 23 VIDEO 3 75 CONTROL GENERATOR A I c a CAMERA NEWSSiEEI" l NEWS SHEET: 'mawssnza? 1 NO-E 1 0 No-S 5- @as sa v SOURCE -3maentor JOHN HAYS HAMMOND, JR.

(Ittorneg Oct. 20, 1953 J H, HAMMOND, JR 2,656,412

TELEVISION TYPE FACSIMILE TRANSMISSION SYSTEM Filed Dec. 11, 1948 S Sheets-Sheet 2 AREVERS CSWITCH I08 RECEIVER CONTROL MECHANISM CB'A SYNC. MOTOR SOURCE m 134 JOHN HAYS HAMMOND, JR.

Gttorneg Oct. 20, 1953 HAMMOND, JR 7 2,656,412

' TELEVISION TYPE FACSIMILE TRANSMISSION SYSTEM Filed Dec. 11, 1948 5 Sheets-Sheet 4 INVENTOR JOHN HAYS HHMMONQIR.

BY an A%ORNEY J. H. HAMMOND, JR

TELEVISION TYPE FACSIMILE TRANSMISSION SYSTEM Oct. 20, 1953 5 Sheets-Sheet 5 Filed Dec. 11, 1948 wrw l-S-I INVENTOR JOHN HAY5 HHMMOND .TR.

UNITED TELEVISION TYPE FACSIMILE TRANSMISSION SYSTEM;

J ohm-Hays -Hammond, J r:,'- Gloucester; Missa Application December 11, 19.48;.SeriaL No.t64',807.

(Cl. I'Z'B G'Lfi)" invention relates .to'television'systems and morespecificallyto'" a system for. transmitting news by television on a predetermined timesche= dule.

Features. of the invention include means in connection withra standarditelevision system for scanning. and transmittingtnews. sheets. and'alscx for transmitting a, plurality of. characteristic control "signals which operate" means at I the. receiver to cause... the direct visionikinescope tubeto be rotated .into line. with. the camera-,.,to cause. the news. sheets. to. be photographedi in rapid; sue:- cession and. to cause. the film to. be. processed a-ta retardedirate after whichthe-printed mm is. placed; in position. to be. torn ofrlfandlusedas news sheets Means is also .provid'edfor transmitting a.spe-. ciaIQsignal .at the end .of. thenewcastwhich; will. shut off' the photographing apparatus at thereceiver,,but. will allow the. processingmechanism to continue .inoperation .until'all the news films. have. been processed;

The inventional'so consists in. certain. new and. original faturea of' construction and. combina: tions of. parts hereinafter set forth..

Thecnature of the invention, as. to. its. objects and advantag es',.. the. mode. ofi its.- operation. and the. manner. of? its organization, may, bebetter understood by. referring to the. following descripe tion, taken. in .connectionwitli the accompanying drawings forming. a. part thereof in which.

Fig. 1. is a schematicdiagram of'ia television transmitting. system constructed. in accordance. with the. invention.

Fig... 2"is a schematic diagramofi'a. television receiving system used. in connection withth'e transmitting system shown Fig. 1..

Fig. 3 is a diagrammatic showing ofa know-ncontrol console suitable foruse in practicingthe invention,

Fig; .4 is a diagrammatic showing. ofa control generator embodying known apparatus suitable for uselin practicing the invention, and I.

Fig; 5 is a diagrammaticsho-wi'n'g of a known: type. of control' mechanism suitable for. use in practicing the invention.

In the following description, parts will 'be identifie'd byspecific names for convenience, but-they. are intended to b'egeneric in.their"application to' similar parts.

Referring to the drawings and more particularly to Fig. 1, the transmissionsystemconsists of astandard television transmitter l l, acontrol console l2; twostudios' 13" and l4-"- and a-news' vided with; ansindicator. I10"; is. connectedto the transmitter Hv by. an..audio channel... l'fi andla. video. channel IT. andllto-the two istudios I 3". and I4 audio cliannels' I 8 and t9" and video. chane neIs. 2 l andTIZ' respectively.

Thecontrol oonsole. [21 (Figs 3) may beofliany. suitable. kindlandiis av switching device. for. (3011-. meeting both. the video. and. the audio :output ..of tlieNos 1.: studio. I3' the- M0,. 2 studio MT or. the

news. room. l5" to. the-video andg,the.-.-audi o., lines running to. tl'ie transmitter. ii asselective manner The-console. Ilia shown. by way. of example as. having. a two-section triple. throw. switch .of. standard construction with. a videoswitcli section. I211 audio..switch.section.l 2b; Thisswitclt. may, be. oiiai-commerciall y available type, such for. example, as.,a.M'allory--. N6. 132311;, 'IIie..sec.- tion. I221 has a centralor. common. contact [212. and...thre e separate contacts. I 2d, 122,. l2ffandl a rotatable. blades I'ZZI, one .end' of. which is elece trically; connected to the. centrallcontact IZ'c at allltir'nes. The. other end ".is brought into cone n'ection witlLcontaots 1.222, 1216. or. IZTfinaccQrd-I ance..witl;i whether. tlieosetting ofjthe pointer H3 is. at 1 position. 1, .position r'ie-wsi'- or position 2; similarl'y th'e. section. I'Zblliasacentral ,or come moncontact l2' 7i. and three. separate contacts l 2i,'. [23, .I'Zk'. and airotatabl blade. IZL, .oneend' ofiwhicl'iis' electrically, connectedftocentralicontact l 22$. at all times Theother. end .isbrouglit into vconneetion. with .contacts [22}123" or. I276. in accordance witliwhetherlthe setting-of the points er. [0 is at position-..l, positionfhews. Orposition F 22 While. the shaft. or. other. meiianismwhicli.

video lines [1, 2'1; TE'and'flare.connectedito.the"

contacts. I20, l.2d,. [2e and. 12f respectively. of Ithe video switch l'2?e.,.,and the other sides of audio In loperatiom; when the" pointer" In is" set"- at position 1", the switch-is therefore -so set thatvideo and" audio signalenergies-from the-No: 1 studio" are transmitted tli-roug-lrblock- I 2'" to=-the= video and audio-lines which operate the transmitter" H When the pointer-is set at position room IS. The control console l2, whiclr-ispro 2," tlie vi'd'eo"and audio signal=energies=fromthe No. 2 studio are transmitted through block to the video and audio lines which operate the transmitter H. But when for the purposes of transmitting news information, the pointer is set at news, the video and audio signal energies from the news room l are transmitted through block l2 to the video and audio lines which operate the transmitter ll.

The news room l5 comprises a control generator 23, a television camera 24, a primary timing mechanism 25, a secondary timing mechanism 26, and a news sheet mechanism 21. The control generator 23 is connected to the control console by an audio channel 20.

The control generator 23 (Fig. 4) is a control generator which selectively produces a different characteristic audio signal in accordance with whether the generator is energized by voltage from battery 54 at terminals A, by voltage from battery 55 at terminals 13, or by voltage from battery 5'! at terminals C in accordance with the operation of various contacts. This audio signal is delivered out over line 23. Within the control generator are three double-pole singlethrow relays 23a, 23b, 230, the windings of which are connected to the terminals A, B, and C respectively. The signal is generated by an electronic oscillator triode 23d. This has the usual cathode 23c connected to ground line 23 through resistor 23ga shunted by capacitor 2391). One side of the filament of 2311 is connected to ground line 23 directly and the other side through an A battery 237m. The plate circuit is driven by a B battery 23kb, the negative terminal of which is connected to ground line 23 and the positive terminal of which is connected through inductor 232 paralleled by capacitor 237' to the plate anode of triode 23d. The grid is connected through inductor coil 23k to ground line 23f, and this inductor is suitably coupled to the inductor 232' to cause electrical oscillation of a frequency somewhat higher than those which are to be used. Provision is made for lowering the frequency of oscillation by means of differently valued capacitors 23L, 23m, 2311., one side of each of which is connected through line 230 to the plate of the oscillator, and the other sides of which can be selectively connected to ground line 23 For this purpose, one side of audio line 2c which is connected to ground within block 12 is also connected to ground line 23] within the present block. This ground line is also connected to moving contact blades 23p, 23q, and 231 of the relays 23a, 23b, and 23c respectively, the corresponding fixed contacts of which 23s, 23t, and 23a respectively are connected to those ends of capacitors 23L, 23m, 2311. respectively which are not connected to line 230. At the other ends of the relays, the movable blades 23o, 23w and 23m are connected in parallel to a tap on the coil 23k, while the other corresponding fixed contacts 23y, 23.2 and 238; respectively are connected in parallel and to the side of line 23 which is not connected to ground.

In operation, normally the oscillator triode 23d generates an audio signal delivered between the tap on coil 23k and ground line 23;. But nor- -mally all relay contacts are opened and the signal therefore is not delivered to the line 20. When, however, any relay such as 23a is caused to operate by the contact devices and batteries external to the block 23, the corresponding capacitor such as 23L is shunted across the plate to ground of the triode 23d to lower the audio frequency of oscillation to make it of frequency value say Fa.

At the same time the other end of the relay operates to connect the center tap on inductor 23k to the active side of line 23. In this manner, a signal voltage of sine wave nature is impressed upon line 20, which will be of audio frequency Fa, Fl), or Fc in accordance with whether distinctive signal A, B, or C is set up by the external contacts.

Circuits for changing the frequency of an oscillator are shown in U. S. Patent No. 1,607,456. Fig. 1 of this patent shows devices 69 and 45 for changing the frequency of an arc oscillator by cutting in a capacitor. U. 8. Patent No. 1,610,425 shows in Fig. 10 a tuned plate circuit and inductive feedback. A switching device is also shown to change the oscillator frequency. U. S. Patent No. 1,596,251 shows a relay with two armatures in Fig. 3.

The primary timing mechanism 25 consists of a self-starting synchronous motor 23 on the shaft of which is mounted a worm gear 29 which meshes with a worm wheel 33 mounted on a shaft 43. Also mounted on the shaft 43 is a commutator 3| which is made of insulating material and is provided with a contact segment 32 and two pins 33 and 34. The pin 34 is mounted nearer the periphery of the commutator 3i than the pin 33. A 60 cycle or other suitable A. C. generator 35 is provided for supplying current to the synchronous motor 28.

Mounted adjacent to the commutator 3| is a solenoid 3'! which is provided with a core 38 to which is secured a collar 39. Between the collar 39 and the solenoid 37 is mounted a coil spring 4|. Normally the pin 33 engages the core 38, thus preventing the rotation of the commutator 31. The winding of the solenoid 3? is connected through a battery 42 to the contacts of a push button 43 located adjacent to the control console 12.

Also located adjacent to the commutator? is a second solenoid 45 which is provided with a core 46 to which is secured a collar 47. Between the collar 4'? and the solenoid 45 is mounted a I coil spring 48. The length of the core 46 is so proportioned that when the solenoid 45 is deenergized it will project in the path of the pin 34 but not in the path of the pin 33.

Engaging the commutator 35 are three sets of contacts 51, 52 and 53. The contacts 5! are connected in a circuit with a battery 55 to the control generator 23. The contacts 52 are connected in a circuit with a battery 55 to the control generator 23 and to the winding of a solenoid 56. The contacts 53 are connected in a circuit including the winding of the solenoid &5, a battery 57, the control generator 23, the winding of a solenoid 58 and a pair of contacts 53.

The secondary timing mechanism 25 consists of a self-starting synchronous motor ti on the shaft of which is mounted a commutator G2 which is made of insulating material and is provided with a contact segment 33 and a pin 64. The motor 6! is connected to the A. C. source 35. The solenoid 56 is provided with a core 65 to which is secured a collar 66. Between the collar 86 and the solenoid 53 is mounted a coil spring 5i. When the core 55 is fully extended it is in the path of the pin The solenoid 58 is provided with a core 38, the end of which is beveled to act as a snap catch for the collar 65. Secured to the core 68 is a collar 69 between which and the solenoid 58 is mounted a coil spring 'il.

gamma Engaging: the commutator: 612 are: two'lseta on contacts 13 and 14. The contacts-i!harevimthe video circuit 75? between the camera-2 4 andithe control'iconsole i2 andithe contacts 'l l are in a'. circuit includingsthe; A: C; "source 35 and. a seli' startingsynchronous motor 162'. Mountedion the shaftof the-motor 2'8v is awormzgear 'fliwhich meshes: with a worm wheelie mounted on the shaft of a roller 79 betweenwhich and asecond' roller B'lvpasses astrip of paper 82 OII'Whl-Ghih news sheets are .printed'.= Any r numben of news sheets may be printed on the paper- 82; such-as: Ne'wsrSheetiNo. 1, News Sheet No-2 ;"News Sheet No. 3, etc; At the end of the-papen strip 82,..predetermined numberof blanks are p10Vidd. The paper strip 82 is wound upori a roller= '83,- passes between two friction: rollers 84 and 85, then through a frame Slit which is located in front of the camera 2M; passes-betweenandsep arates the contacts 59 and then between the roller: l an'digf Referring to Fig; 2 the=receiving system in cludes: a television receiver 95!; aloud speaker" 92. and a kinescope-Bt. For" recording and print ing. the: newsflashes: a control mechanism- 94-" is provi ded' together with a-camera 95% a proc=- essingmechanism flt, a primarytiming' m'echa' nism 51'; a: secondary timing mechanism M ami a time clock '93.-

The function-- of thecontrol mechanism 94- (Eiga 5) is: to accept the charaeteristic-- signals A ,.B,:.or:C over theline' i H; and selectively'prmduce D. Cpvo-lta'ge over outpu-t-lines l@8; I81; $8 5 for external operation-ofsolenoid devices, in'ac cordance 2 with whether distinctive signaI Ar"; B, 011C is being: sent; The bloc-ls Q i is -to -be'= ene1'- gized by a circuit closing timeclockthrough use of line 34.. Selective transmissionand. reception is disclosed in U. Si Patent Nos; 1,491,772, 1,491,774 and:1,522 ,-883.

Theblock flkincludes a':- selector. channel. 94a responsive to the A.signal,.. a selector channel'flilb. responsive to .the B.-signal and. a-selector channel; Mc-responsive-to the C signal. These: signals. correspond: to the. like designated: signals .pr0- duced-by block.23 above described; which-pro*-.; duce a sine Wave" audiozvoltageof: frequency; Fa,-. Fb or F0 at. the'input -l H; Since-:all-ofi these. selector channels; are oft identical; natureex.-- cept for choices of constants of electri'eally selece tive networks, it will-sufficet'todescribe only one channel: in detailh The input of the selector. 94a.-is=applied;be-.- tween terminalv Mal and-the :ground line 9 1L121. Input'terminal 94a] is connected throughresistor': 9dct3-and resistor 94a+to the anode-otarecti-fier; 94115, andthe junction of.the two. resistors is: joined. to ground. through I inductor j 9MB parallel: by capacitor 9M7, these being tuned to the frequency Fa so thatthe-rectifien driven strongly.- only when lthesignalv impressed upon; is of. ire quency Ea... The cathode of.-.rectifier- 9M5 151C011?!- nected. through. resistor. steal shunted: by; capacitor. SaS- to the-ground. line: 9M2 hand is; con, nectedto thegrid; of a relay tube. 9mm. From; a highvoltageD; CI. line- 94a I a resistor: Mail, is connected to the cathodeof therelayrtubea which in' turnis; connected; throughresistor: filial 3;: to ground line 9M2; Alsothe. high: voltage: line isconnected through thew-indingntasinglepole. sing-lel-throw 'relay Mia-t4 to the-plate ofiithe.

relay tuba. Oneiotthe:output contacts ot this:

relay isadirectlyi connected ato -one'sid'e oi line-l 58; and the: other. is connected through a; battery'- Mart no the other side: ofz thedine l B81 'Iihekinescepe 93 which-- iscor-mected bya- 5 ground line 94g;

The other selecton'circuits? are of: similar: ture, and the :inputsg. ground lines; high-voltage: lines 1 are connected; im parallels. Eor simpl-icity therefore theszother .CiIClilitSE-94b, 94 c: are shown: in blockaonly.

To" supply sufiicientz; signal; voltage to: operate the selectors, aniamplifiertddiidprovided, with a. triode.= 946; the. grid; of 2' which .is 1 connected: 1 ta one. end 1 of? autotransformer' 94 the other" end;

-. ofiwhich'is -connected:to: ground line Mgrwhich;

of": coursdais alsoaconnected to the: groundlinesr of the various selectorzrcircuits; Theitapofrithe; transformer is:w connected-1. tor one. side of; line Hi; the other. side of: which: is: connected. to The cathode of the :triode; 9.42: is connected to groundiby resistor 94h: shuntedby capacitor 9.412. The: plate" anode. oil triode Mew is" connected: through capacitor: 949' to the inputizterminals 94a I; 94b 1;; 940211 ofithe: selectors; It i is also 1. connected through; plate resistor: 94k; to the high-voltage. line 941 WhiClILiS turn; connected to the high voltage lines for the iii-- dividual I selectors.

The electronic devices of block-94 arepowerized from a vpower pack494m which includes. a trans.- former e lnwith primary connectedto a SOL-cycle: power. line194o when theswitclr contacts ofzthe: time clock are closed to connect togetheriwith the .two' conductors of-line. 184; The secondaries-1 of'the transformer are connectedito supply-anode" power: for a rectifier. 9M),- aisoifilament power? for the rectifier and forthei'variouszcathodeiheat ingrfilaments of thelelectronic tub-es; whichiins accordance with usualpracti'ce are not shown.

;. The'cutput of the rectifier is. smoothed;.by uses:

of inductor chokersld'q; and oapacitorstfir: andi 94s: in a well-known manner;v

Since the operation of power 'pa'cksvand audios amplifiers is well known', their. operationiis not described in detail. Itrsuflicesa-to state that the; audio signal from. line i l I; is. amplifiedfand impressed upon the: threeselector circuits If the signal is, a sustainediwave of frequencyxlia, then. it is selectively' transmitted beyond the. circuit- -v 9'4a6, 94a1 to drivel-the rectifier: eras. Afterihe signal has been sustainedasufiiciently longtime a. sufiiciently high voltage is. developed across the grid to groundoircuit of triode 94am ttobring thegrid potential substantiaily to the cathode potential of the tube; as determined by the current flowing through resistor Stale-due both tolcurrent in the triodeand' current through resistor? 9tla'l2'. When this occurs. the relay 9 4al4 is caused to operate and cause voltage from: battery '94a'l 521:0 be impressed on' the :output 1 line I08.

Similarly in response to signal of frequency-Ft, the output line i8'l will be powerized, andif the: frequency is Fe, then output line ltd will be pow- ,erizedt It'will be understood that the frequencies F Fbxanda-Femay be chosen such thatnormally-the line HIv does not carry much energy of these frequencies in'comparison' with the normalsound' energy for the loudspeaker. Thus; it-isknown that'..most of voice" music. energy is mine-10w andxme'dium audio range; If Fa, Fs-andFe-are therefore in the higher audio range; such as values 8,000, 10 ,000,- 12,0Q'0 cycles and the signal is of high level; then" the selector circuitswilh be operatedonlyin response to the control-volta'ges desired, and-not in accordancewith weak harmonic constituents of the normal sound' sig--- flexible video and power cable IIlI to the receiver 9|, is mounted for rotation about an axis I02 on which is mounted a worm wheel I83. Meshing with the worm wheel I03 is a worm gear IM which is mounted on the shaft of a motor I35, which receives energy from a source I06 through a reversing switch IB'I. The operation of the reversing switch ID'I is controlled through two channels I98 and I09 connected to the control mechanism 94. The receiver BI is connected to the loud speaker 92 and the control mechanism 94 by an audio channel I I I.

The camera 95 includes a shutter mechanism II2, a film II3 initially wound on a spool I I4 and a roller II5 over which the film II3 passes. The film then enters the processing mechanism 96, passes between two friction rollers H7 and H8, over a roller II9 and into processing chamber 12!. After leaving this chamber the film I13 passes between two friction rollers I22 and I23 and through a V-shaped slot I24 in a bracket I25.

Mounted on the shaft of the roller I!!! is a worm wheel I28 which meshes with a worm gear I21 carried on the shaft of a self starting synchronous motor I28. Mounted on the shaft of the roller 523 is a worm wheel i3I which meshes with a worm gear I32 carried on the shaft of a self starting synchronous motor I33. The synchronous motors I33 and I28 at suitable times are supplied with current from an A. C. source I34. An arm I35 is pivoted at I95 to the casing of the processing mechanism 9%. At one end of the arm IE5 is mounted a roller I37 which at suitable times rides on the film H3. Mounted on but insulated from the other end of the arm I35 is a contact barISE, which at times engages a pair of contacts I39.

The primary timing mechanism 9? comprises a self starting synchronous motor IM to the shaft of which is secured a commutator I42 made of insulating material and provided with a contact segment Hi3 and a pin 145. The syn chronous motor I ii is connected to the A. C. source i3 5. Engaging the commutator I62 are two sets of contacts I45 and M6. The contacts I 35 are connected by conductors I41 and through a battery I99 to the shutter mechanism II2 of the camera 95. The contacts I49 are in a circuit I 59 which includes the source of A. C. I34 and the synchronous motor i28. The synchronous motor ItI runs at the same speed as synchronous motor 6i thus driving the two commutators M2 and 52 at the same speed.

Located adjacent to the commutator I42 are two solenoids 559 and IE1. The solenoid IE9 is provided with a core I52 to which is secured a collar I53. Between the collar I53 and the solenoid I5I is mounted a coil spring I54. When the core 592 is fully extended it is in the path of the pin I l-i. The solenoid izil is provided with a core IE5 the end of which is beveled to act as a snap' catch for the collar I53. Secured to the core IE5 is a collar 559 between which and the solenoid I51 is mounted a coil spring I57.

The secondary timing mechanism 99 comprises a self starting synchronous motor I58 connected to the source 534. Mounted on the shaft of the motor I58 is a worm gear I59 which meshes with a worm wheel it! which is mounted on a shaft I92. Secured to the shaft I62 is a disc I63 and a commutator I9 1. The commutator IE4 is made of insulating material and is provided with a contact segment E65. Engaging the commutator I54 are a pair of contacts I66 which are in a circuit including the source of A. C. I34 and the synchronous motor I33.

Located adjacent to the disc I63 are two solenoids I68 and I69. The solenoid I68 is provided with a core IT! to which is secured a collar II2. Between the collar I72 and the solenoid IE8 is mounted a coil spring I13. Mounted on but insulated from the collar I12 is a contact bar I74, which at suitable times engages a pair of contacts I'I5. Whenever the core of the solenoid IE8 is extended it engages a pin lIIi mounted on the disc I63.

The solenoid IE9 is provided with a core ill the end of which is beveled to act as a snap catch for the collar I72. Secured to the core ITI is a collar I18 between which and the solenoid I69 is mounted a coil spring I19. The winding of the solenoid IE9 is in a circuit I8i which includes the two sets of contacts I75 and I39 and a battery I82.

The time clock 99 may be of any well known and standard construction which operates to close a circuit at a pre-set time. In this case the circuit is indicated at I84 and operates to turn on the receiver 9| and control mechanism 94 at a predetermined time. The control channel I09 is connected by a branch channel I85 to the time clock 99 where it operates to open the circuit 84, to turn off the receiver 9I and control mechanism 94 and to reset the timing mechanism 99 so that it can operate again at the next hour if so desired. The winding of the solenoid I5I is connected to the channel I85 by conductors I86. The windings of the solenoids I68 and I59 are connected to the control mechanism 94 by conductors I81 and branch conductors I88 respectively.

Operation of Figs. 1 and 2 In the operation of the form of the invention shown in Figs. 1 and 2 the paper strip 92 on which the news sheets are printed is partially unwound and is inserted between the rollers 84-85, passed through the frame 86 and between the rollers I9 and SI until News Sheet No. 1 is in position in the frame 86, as shown in Fig. l. The video camera 24, control generator 23 and transmitter II are turned on and the control console indicator I9 is turned to the News position.

At the receiver, shown in Fig. 2, the time clock 99, which may have been set at 5 a. m. the night before, operates at that time to close the circuit through channel I84, which turns on the receiver 9| and control mechanism 94. After waiting a few minutes for the apparatus at the receiver to warm up the operator at the control console I2 presses the push button 43. This causes the energization of the solenoid 31, which in turn causes the retraction of the core 38 thus releasing the pin 33. The commutator 3| then starts to rotate in the direction of the arrow under the action of the synchronous motor 28. As the contact segment 32 engages the contacts in a circuit will be closed in the control generator 23 to send out a distinctive signal, designated as the A signal, over the audio channels 20 and IB to the transmitter II, which sends it as a radio A signal.

This distinctive audio A signal is picked up at the receiver 9I, Fig. 2 and passes over conductors III to the control mechanism 94, one set of circuits of which are responsive to this particular type of signal. After a predetermined time interval, depending upon the characteristics 3 of; the: audio'3circuits-,, a; 1 control signal will. beosentsouteover. the circuite-lflkwhich will op, erateethecswitchs I 01. to causerthesmotor I85 to. rotateethekinescope: 93. in an. clockwise: direction-v into theposi-tion. shown-indottedrlines where it will-automatically stop due: to the action Iof= li-m it ,switches-nottshown; After. aasufficient length of..time has passedhto-.-allow-r the kinesco zietozas sumedthisvertical. positionthe :contact segment. 32, Fig. 1, will disengage the contacts 5| iandtthe' A signal i will --'.stop..

As thecommutator-1. 3 I: continueseits. rotation 1' thesegment- 32. will. engage: thecontacts: 52;v Whichwill...close:a circuit includingzthecbatterm 55-, control generator. 23 and solenoid. 56 The: energiza'tionaof. the. solenoid. .5.6 will cause the: core. 65 to disengage: the: pin. 64-v allowing. the... commutator. 62. to start :rotatinginuthe: direction of; the arrow: under. the-actioncfi thefsynchrone one motor 61 When. the core. 65 moves :to the. right thecollar 66= willsnap-under the core GB of. the solenoidjli thus holding -the core .65.out;ofc thepath of .th'epin .64- after. the-.solenoid. 56-. is. deenergized. r

I The. closing. of the. circuit ifroms the. contacts. 25 52. to. the control generator. 23 -wilL causeas sec ond distinctive signal; designatedasthe. B signahto besent over theaudiechannels 20. and I6. to the=transmittern I.I, which sends-.it-as-a radio. B signal. This. distinctive: audio- Bi signal! is. picked up at.the receiver 9d, l lig.v 2, and passes over. conductors. III to. the control mechanism- 94;. one. set-of-l circuits of; whichare responsiveto. this particular. type. of signal. After a predetermined. time. interval, depending upon the characteristics ofith'e.audio..circuits;a control. signalwill..be sent.o.ut..over the circuits. I81 and. I88 to. energize the. solenoids. I68La-nd. I50, which. will. remain energized; for. a consid--- erable length of. time.

When the/solenoid I 511i is energizedthe-core. I52 will be retracted andfthe collar I53.lwill.snap.v under the core I55.' of "the solenoid I5I.thus.hold.-- ing. the core I52r out ofjthe pathoff the pin.|44.. This will allow the. commutator I42. to. start. turning in the direction of the arrow under the; action. of. the synchronous. motor. I4 I Whenthe solenoid I68 is energized'the. core. III will" be retracted. causing the contact bar. I I4'to engage'thecontacts I15. This will close acircuit including thesolenoid I69',.contacts. I15" and I39 and.-batter.y. IB2,, thus-energizing.v temporarily'thesolenoid ISB thecore. I'II of. which ismoved out ofi'engagementwiththe col.- lar I121 When the core II I ofthe solenoid; I68 55 is:retra'cted it will move out of engagement with the pinv I'IIithusallowing the disc I63 and com.- mutator I64 to start slowly rotating, in the. direction of' the arrows under the action of the synchronous: motor I 58'.

Bythis time the commutator 62'; Fig. 1,.has rotated suficiently so that the contact segment. 63. is. in engagement with the contacts 13,.thus. closing the video circuit. I5 ofthe camera 24. By this meansa telecast ofthe' News SheetN'o. 1" is'sent outby the transmitter" II and is rec'eivedby the receiver 9.I; Fig. 2;,and is. reproduced on the screen of the'kinescope. 93 in the usual manner.

At this instantlthe commutator I42, Fig.2, will haverotated sufiiciently so. that the segment I43 will engage the contacts. I 45. This ..closes the circuit through the camera shutter. LI 2; thus. operating thisshutter and'causing api'cture of News Sheet.No. l, asit appears. on the. kinescope I0 screemto beftaken on the H 3;.duezallowance: being;made:forrthe:time::of-transmission.

Thezsegmentnl 43: of commutator I 42 now' moves: into: engagementnwithv contacts I 46 thus .causing thet'synch'ronous'motor: I28: to start, which rotate the. when I I 8 in-zth-e; direction. ofthe arrow. This will cause the film II3 to be unwound from:.the spoon I Ileand formed-:intoa: loop as indicatedxby ther-zd-ottedglinea-I 891:. Aftera sufiicient rotation of. the :roller 1 lB tosbring a newsection of unexposed film I I 3' under: the-shutter. I I2; the: segment: I43 will moveoutcof: engagement with thecontacts I 46: thus-stopping the motor; I28.

Whenthefilmz I I3 .is formed zintoatheqloopz I89 theeroller. I 37 will drop. down 1 thus -rotating, the armzt'l 35:;inza clockwise directionzcausing the'con tact. bar I 38:to:move:out-1 of fengagement withthe: contacts I39. This will break .the circuit. through the:so1enoid..-I39; thecore-HT of which will now engage .the :collarv I 12.:thus holding thezcore. I'II- of; solenoid. IEBLOUIZ:01213111521221.1311 otthe pin; I 16 after: the.B. signal ihasxsub'sequently ceaseda-nd the solenoid; I 68: has" been .deenergized.-..

Shortly thereafter: the segment 32 on the =com-, mutator 3|; Figz 1, will'move outof engagement with :the contacts 52 thus-stopping the'transm-is sion of the B signal and deenergizingthe'sole noid 5'6; The-core65 of.this-solenoid'will, however, be-held out-of the-path-or the pin-64 due-to the locking action of-the 'corer-68"or1:the collar- 66.-

On the cessationof the BPsi-gnalin there-- ceiver III the solenoids: I5I==and- I68@wi1l-' be: de-- energized; buttheir: cores I 5'2.- and .I! I will' beh'eld. in theretra'cted DOSltlOIIdll'GrtO the-.lockingaction of the cores I55;- and I "T! on the. collars I53-and I12 respectively; Thus-the commutators- 62 I42- and I64 will continue to rotates-at their. respective speeds.

Segment 32 oncommutator 3i now-I engages contacts-=5 3 and'pin :3 4. comes.-up,-against-. core 46. of: solenoid 45 :-thus stopping-rotation act com-mu. tator '3 I Thec-ircuitz including. the contacts 53. and solenoids 45 and 1584s not closed, however, due to :the fact that the-contacts 59.-are separated by. the paper strip '82.

The-segment .63.on commutator:62.now.engages contacts I4 closinga. circuitfrom the/source 35 to the synchronous motorzle. which startsrotating: the roller: 1-9 -in .the. directionof the: arrow. This causes ther paper strip-.82 to imovecto .-the left until. News. Sheet No. 2? takes itspositionin :theframe. 8.5; at which time the segmented willv move out of engagementwith the contact .14 thushreaking the circuit to the motor 16;

Asethe commutator. 62.. continues; tonzotate, .the. segment 63 will again engage thecontactsm. thus closing the-video. circuit I5 of. the. camera. 24. Thiscausesa telecastoffiNew SheetNo. .21 tobe. sentoutby thetransmitter. I.I andreceived thereceiven 9.I.from=which-it.passes to the kinescope 93 and is reproduced on .thescreenthereof. At: this instant segment= I 43,- of, commutator. I 42 will engage. contacts L45 to operate. thev shutter II2 of. camera. 9.5 causing. a picture of News. Sheet. No. .2. tube-taken. ornfilm I I3.

The. segment I43 now engages contacts I45 causing the motor. I28v to, start which. in turn causestheroller. I I8. to r..ota.te. in.the.direction of. the arrow This. wilL causethe film. II3,v tobe unwound. from the spool. I -I4.and added. to the.

loop lflflv Segment! 6 5.011 the slcwlyrotating commutator I64.will.now-engage. contacts I63" closing a circuit from the sourceJ 34"to the motor I33 which causes theroller I23 to rotate in the direction of the arrow. This operation causes the film II3 to be drawn down into the processing chamber I2I, some or the slack being taken out of the loop 89. Segment E3 of commutator 62 now engages contacts It to pull News Sheet No. 3 into position in the frame 86 in a manner already de scribed.

The sequence of operations now repeats itself, a telecast of News Sheet No. 3 being sent out by transmitter II, received by receiver SI, photographed by camera 95 and the exposed film II3 added to the loop I89. This sequence of operations continues until all the "News Sheets have been photographed on film II3. As previously mentioned the paper strip 82 is provided with a number of blank spaces after the last "News Sheet. These blank spaces are also photographed on the film II3.

As the end of the paper strip 82 passes out of the frame 89 it will allow the contacts 59 to become engaged. This will close a circuit including the solenoids 58 and 45 and the control generator 23. When the solenoid 58 is energized, its core 53 will di engage the collar 65 allowing the core 65 of solenoid 56 to be extended into the path of the pin 64 thus stopping the rotation of commutator 62. V

The closing of this circuit to the control generator 23 will cause a third distinctive signal, designated as the C signal to be sent over the audio channels 29 and I6 to the transmitter II, which sends it as a radio C signal. This di tinctive audio C signal is picked up at the receiver 9| and passes over conductors III to the control mechanism 94, one set of circuits of which are respon ive to this particular type of signal. A control signal will then be sent out over the circuits I99, I85 and I86.

The control signal going out over circuit I89 will operate the reversing switch Ill! so as to run the motor I95 in reverse to cause the kinescope 93 to return to its initial position, as shown in full lines, where it will be stopped by limit switches not shown. The control signal sent out over circuit I85 operates to reset the mechs;

anism in the time clock 99, so that the circuit its will be opened. thus shutting ofi the receiver SI and control mechanism 94. The time clock 99 will then be ready to function again at the next preset time. over circuit I85 energizes solenoid II, the core I55 of which when retracted releases the collar I53, allowing the core I52 of the previously deenergize d solenoid I59 to be extended in the path of the pin I44, thus stopping the rotation of commutator I42.

The energization of solenoid 45, Fig. 1, will cause its core to be retracted thus releasing pin 34 and allowing the commutator 3I to s owly rotate in the direction of the arrow. After a predetermined time interval, the segment 32 will disengage the contacts 53 thus breaking the circuit to the solenoids 45 and 58 and to the control generator 23. This will cause a cessation of the C si nal. which will deenergize the circuits I99. I 85 I86, Fig. The commutator 3! will continue to rotate until the pin 34 en ages the core 38 of solenoid 31 when it will be sto ed.

During this time while the various News Sheets have been telecast and photographed the commutator I64 has been slowly rotating, which causes the segment I65 to engage the contacts I 85 at regular intervals, for example, one minute. When this occurs the motor I 33 is energized from the source I34 for a predeter- The control signal sent out i mined time interval causing the roller I23 to pull the film II3 into the processing chamber I2I an amount equal to one exposed section of film each time the segment I engages the contacts I66. During the time the film is in the processing chamber IZI it will be developed and printed in a manner well known in the art. The printed film will then pass between the rollers I22 and I23 and through the slot I24 in the bracket I25.

This procedure continues until the slack in the loop I89 of the film H3 has been taken up and the film assumes the position shown in full lines in Fig. 2. When this occurs the film H3 will lift the roller I 31 into the position shown in Fig. 2 at which time the contact bar I33 will engage the contacts I39 thus closing a circuit through the solenoid I69 and producing a D signal. When this solenoid is energized the core I I! will be moved out of engagement with the collar I I2, allowing the core I'II of solenoid I68 to be extended in the path of the pin I16 thus stopping the rotation of commutator I64. Thus the D signal is sent automatically at the end of the processing of the film H3 and completes the cycle of operations at the receiving system shown in Fig. 2.

The printed film with the "News Sheets thereon will extend through the slot IZA as indicated at I9I. That portion of the film II 3 between the roller II 5 and the slot I24 will be blank film made up of images of the blank sheets following the News Sheets. When it is desired to read the News Sheets the film, as indicated at I9 I, is torn off at the slot I 24.

The operator at the control console I2 now momentarily depresses the push button 43 energizing the solenoid 31. This causes the core 353 to be retracted out of engagement with the pin 34 allowing the commutator 31 to rotate in the direction of the arrow under the action of the motor 28. The commutator 3| continues to rotate until the pin 33 enga es the core 38 when it is stopped, thus completing the cycle of o erations at the transmitting system depicted in Fi 1.

It is seen from the foregoing description of the operation that the commutator 3| makes only one complete revolution during an entire cycle and controls the transmiss on and coordi nation of the A, B and C si nals with the transmitter mechanism. Commutator 62 rotates from the start of the B signal to the start of the C signal and makes one complete revolution for the transmission of each picture. Commutator I42 rotates from the time the 13 signal is received to the time the C signal is received and rotates at the same speed as commutator 62 and controls the operation of the camera shutter and advancing the film for each picture taken. Commutator I64 rotates from the time the 28" signal is received to the time the D signal is produced automatically at the end of the film processing operation.

The mechanism is now in its initial condition and ready for a second newscast at a predetermined time after the first, for example at six oclock. When it is time for the second newscast a new strip of paper 82 is placed in position, the time clock 99 operates to energize the receiver 9| and control mechanism 94 and the operator at the control console I2 depresses the push button 43. This initiates a new set of operations similar to that already described and a new set of News Sheets are printed. This procedure may go on at predetermined times during the day and night, so that up to the minute news is available at those times.

If it is desired to operate the system for television purposes between the newscasts the indicator [0 at the control console I2 is turned to either studio I or studio 2, the transmitter H and receiver 9| are turned on and the telecast will appear on the screen of the kinescope 93 and the accompanying sound will be produced in the loud speaker 92 in the usual manner.

Although only a few of the various forms in which this invention may be embodied have been shown herein, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to any specific construction but might be embodied in various forms without departing from the spirit of the invention or the scope of the appended claims.

What is claimed is:

l. A system for utilizing television type transmission for the transmission and reception of a series of facsimiles, comprising television transmission apparatus including a television camera, and transmission means to transmit televised pictures to a remote point, means feeding a film containing 21. series of pictures to be televised in sequence through the field of said camera, timing means operable continuously when released to alternately actuate said camera to scan a picture and then advance said film to position the next picture in the field of said camera for scanning, a control signal generator and means to cause said generator to transmit a control signal and to release said timing means in timed relationship, and a receiver at a remote point responsive to the television signal and having a kinescope screen on which said pictures are reproduced, means passing a sensitized film past the field of said screen, timed means operable when released to alternately expose said film to the kinescope screen and then advance said film to receive a second picture, means responsive to said control signal to release said last timing means for operation in synchronism with said first timing means, and means for processing said exposed film.

2. In a system, as set forth in claim 1, means at the transmitter operable by said first film at the completion of the desired picture series to transmit a second control signal and to stop the first timing means, and means at the receiver responsive to said second control signal to stop the receiver timing means while allowing the processing means to continue.

3. In a system, as set forth in claim 2, automatic means at the receiver operable at the completion of the processing operation to stop said processing means.

4. In a system, as set forth in claim 1, means mounting said kinescope for shifting between a screen viewing position for normal television use and a position to register with said film for recording, reversible means to shift said kinescope between said positions, and means responsive to predetermined received control signals to actuate said shifting means.

5. In a television receiving system, a kinescope having a screen, means feeding a sensitized film past the field of said screen for printing therefrom, and timed means to alternately actuate said kinescope to project a picture onto said film and then feed an unexposed part of said film to the field of said screen, and means for automatically processing the exposed film.

6. In a television receiver, as set forth in claim 5, means responsive to a predetermined received signal to start the operation of said timed means.

7. In a television receiver, as set forth in claim 6, means responsive to a second predetermined received signal to stop said timed means.

8. In a television receiver, as set forth in claim 7, means operable at the completion of the processing to stop the processing means.

JOHN HAYS HAMMOND, JR.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 2,275,898 Goldsmith Mar. 10, 1942 2,287,307 Herbst June 23, 1942 2,420,029 Brady May 6, 1947 2,480,423 Simmon Aug. 30, 1949 2,525,891 Garman Oct. 17, 1950 

